International Business Machines Corporation (commonly referred to as
IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk
, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries. The company originated in 1911 as the Computing-Tabulating-Recording Company (CTR) and was renamed
“International Business Machines” in 1924.
IBM manufactures and markets computer hardware,
middleware and
software, and offers hosting and consulting services in areas ranging from
mainframe computers to
nanotechnology. IBM is also a major research organization, holding the record for most patents generated by a business (as of 2016) for 23 consecutive years. Inventions by IBM include the
automated teller machine (ATM), the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, the
SQL programming language, the
UPC barcode, and dynamic random-ccess memory (DRAM).
IBM has a large and diverse portfolio of products and services. As of 2016, these offerings fall into the categories of cloud computing, cognitive computing, commerce, data and analytics, Internet of Things, IT infrastructure, mobile, and security.